of the Bible. It was a compelling form of faith and church interested in dialogue with the world. But the “malcontents” in his Beesd congregation helped him to realize that Modernist Christianity had a major flaw. It was only able to capture the attention of the cultural elites and engage in a dialogue with godless science and philosophy through serious distortions of the basic tenets of orthodox Christian faith. The result was that while Kuyper served as the pastor of the Beesd congregation, he